In 1870, war broke out between France and Germany. France was defeated and partially occupied by German troops. The French vowed to build a church dedicated to the Sacred Heart as penance for infidelity and sin for they held that the misfortunes of France had spiritual rather than political causes. At the end of 1872, after the war had ended, the Archbishop of Paris approved the vow and chose Montmartre to construct The Basilica of The Sacred Heart of Paris.